First Year English Notes Sindh Board THE UNITED NATIONS

THE UNITED NATIONS

Q1)     When was the United Nation Organization founded and briefly what inspired its foundation?

United Nation Organization was founded after the Second World War in April 1945 but UN day is celebrated on 24th October in all over the world.

United Nation was founded after the horrifying result of Second World War because millions of people killed and wounded. Millions of pounds worth of property had been destroyed. Millions of people had been made homeless. Millions of people suffered from poverty, hunger, and disease. The human race was in miserable plight and wanted peace and brotherhood so the nations of the world met in New York and founded a humanitarian organization named “United Nations Organization.”

Q2)     How successful has the United Nations Organization been, so far, in preventing local wars?

United Nation’s had not been much successful in preventing local wars. A lot of efforts and plans and strategies have been made and deployed but the result in most of the cases is not as satisfactory as they have been thought because UNO has been founded and organized for the well being of whole humanity and its main purpose and agenda to make the world a happier and peaceful but unfortunately it has not produced the desired result because the people’s feeling runs high and that’s true that the path of peacemaking is much hard. Another firm is also the domination of some member's countries that have the veto power and they always prefer to solve that issues which they wanted to be solved.

Q3)      What part of the work of the UNO appears so far, to have yielded the most promising result?

UNO has produced the prominent results in some cases because that is the organization which was founded and organizes to work for the well being of whole humanity and to fights over of social evils. The reason behind the success is its pattern to work like in UNO people all over the world whether they belong to any religion and caste are gathered to work on the happiness and peace at the world. This organization not only Works for the undeveloped country but also work for the developed countries. It also participates in all of the projects that directly impact the common people life effectively whether it is to provide some sort of aids and send a medical expert to help in fighting with some fatal diseases.

Q4)      What do you know about the General Assembly?

General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations where every member nation is represented. Each member nation can send five representatives to the Assembly, but each member has only one vote. Comprising all 193 members of the United Nations, it provides a unique forum for multilateral discussion of the full spectrum of international issues like related to peace and to the advancement of happiness and justice in the world, covered by the Charter. The Assembly session intensively from September to December each year, and thereafter as required.

Q 5)    What are the most important difference between the General Assembly and the Security Council? 

Difference between Security Council and General Assembly

It is clear that both the Security Council and the General Assembly are important organs of the United Nations with both carrying out different functions. They are similar in the sense that both work for the same aim of the UN which is to prevent wars and dispute between member states. They are also similar in the sense that both are under the leadership of the General Secretary of the United Nations. There are, however, many glaring dissimilarities.

Differences between UNSC and UNGA:

UN Security Council has 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members, altogether 15 members; UN General Assembly has 192 members.

While the General Assembly is democratic in the sense that each member, howsoever powerful he may be, has a single vote, Security Council is made up of 5 superpowers of the world who can take unilateral action based upon their veto powers.

General Assembly deals in all matters except international peace and security, which is the exclusive domain of the Security Council.

The resolutions passed by the Security Council are binding upon the member states while the General Assembly makes general observations only.

Q 6)    What is the designation of the Chief Officer of the United Nations, or how long is he appointed and by whom is he appointed?

The chief officer of the United Nations is the Secretary-General. He is the head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the principal organs of the United Nations. He has some important political responsibilities. He shall act as the officer in all meetings of the General Assembly of the Security Council, of the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, and shall perform other functions as are entrusted to him by these organs. He is responsible for making an annual report to the General Assembly as well as notifying the Security Council on matters which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security.

He is appointed by the General Assembly with the approval of the Security Council and serves for the period of five years until the election of his successor.

Q7)      Describe the function of the International Bank?

The main 'function Of International Bank is to lend money to member nations for the development and some work which must be in public importance and usefulness such as electric power plants, roads, railways, canals and flood control.

Q8)      How large a staff is employed by the secretariat and where does it work?

There is not any one organization in the world like UNO in which almost three thousands and five hundred employees, who belong to different religions and countries, work together for the well being and sufferings of whole humanity under the Secretary-General at New York. Besides this, there are also a lot of organizations and agencies at different locations of the world working with the hundreds of employees.

Q9)      What do the initials of WHO stand for? What is its function?

WHO stands for “World Health Organization”. It is an agency that is working with the United Nation Organization and its main function to direct and coordinate the authority for health. Its main agenda and purpose to improve the health condition on all over the place where health’s issues are not handled properly because of lack of resources and some other issues with its expert medical teams and their skills. It's most of the important functionality of to set and maintain standards for health protection also provides some medical and technical assistance to the member’s countries of UNO by sending their experts to train the local doctors about the handling and fighting with the spread diseases.

Q10)    What do the initials of FAO stand for? What is its function?

FAO stands for "Food and Agriculture Organization". It is considered one of the most important agencies that are doing international efforts with the UN system to defeat hunger in all part of the world as that it can by using its resources and access. Its main purpose to work as neutral platform to serve either it is developed countries or undeveloped by providing knowledge and information related to get the adequate supply of food, its modern methods, and tools to store food items and its food security and also methods and procedures by which the agricultural, forestry and fisheries conditions can be improved and increased.

Q11)   What do the initials of UNESCO stand for? What is its function?

UNESCO stands for “United Nation Education Scientific and Cultural Organization". It is a special type of agency which works for the promotion of peace and security through education, science, and culture because for the path of peacemaking it is considered to educate all of the people. UNESCO has 195 states members and eight associated members. It also develops understanding and awareness in the modern world.